Where is Cholesterol Made in the Cell?

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The Substrate and Sites of Cholesterol Synthesis

The Substrate

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Cholesterol is synthesized from acetyl groups of cytosolic acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA).

Glucose and fatty acids are the major sources of acetyl-CoA.

The Site of Synthesis

Cholesterol is synthesized in the cytosol and endoplasmic reticulum.

The regulatory enzyme of cholesterol synthesis (HMG-CoA reductase) is localized to the membranes of endoplasmic reticulum.

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All carbons for cholesterol synthesis are derived from:

a. Fatty acids

b. Carbohydrates

c. Lipids

d. Acetyl groups of coenzyme A

e. Coenzyme A

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Cholesterol synthesis is carried out in these locations of the cell:

a. Mitochondria and cytosol

b. Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum

c. Endoplasmic reticulum and cytosol

d. Cytosol and mitochondria

e. Cytosol and Golgi apparatus

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How many molecules of the substrate does it take to synthesize one molecule of cholesterol?

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